Everything on the wire from Phys.org (International).
To reduce nitrogen pollution stemming from synthetic fertilizer and livestock waste, California's Central Valley relies on five data sets to estimate surplus nitrogen. However, most parts of the United States use just one or two data sets—the U.S. Department of Agriculture's agricultural survey and…
Researchers at Penn Dental Medicine have uncovered a previously unknown molecular mechanism by which bacteria rapidly compromise the body's protective barriers, a finding that could reshape how scientists approach a wide range of serious diseases.
Most DNA in an organism is inherited from its parent or parents. This form of genetic inheritance is referred to as vertical inheritance because genes are passed down from generation to generation.
Living materials created with a 3D printer are like living tissues with one notable exception: You get to choose exactly which cells are in them, as well as their final 3D shape. Depending on the type of bacteria included in the print, the material can clean up contaminated water or break down…
An international team of scientists working with Queensland Museum's CoralBank project has uncovered previously hidden coral diversity on Australia's east coast, revealing that 12 corals once considered variations of other species are distinct species in their own right.
Extra time on assignments. Frequent breaks. A quiet place to work. For students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), these are some of the most common accommodations schools provide to make learning easier. But are they actually helping children succeed? A new study from Florida…
Dogs, having lived alongside humans for tens of thousands of years, are keenly tuned in to our emotions. Behavioral experiments, brain studies and even measurements of heart rate all suggest dogs respond differently depending on the emotional expressions they encounter in humans.
They say opposites attract, and many couples do fit this pattern. One is pragmatic and down-to-earth, while the other is a dreamer with their head in the clouds. Yet, these differences make them perfect for each other. According to researchers at ICFO, chemical interactions between atoms are not…
It probably walked on two legs and weighed about 400 kilograms (880 pounds), despite still being a youngster. Meet Nyana rooiwalensis, a newly identified dinosaur species that lived more than 200 million years ago in what is now South Africa.
Mercury contamination presents an obvious challenge: it is invisible. A glass of water or a piece of fruit can seem perfectly normal to the naked eye, even when trace amounts of toxic mercury are present. Detecting such minute levels usually requires specialized laboratory tools and trained experts.
Researchers at University of Tsukuba and collaborating institutions have identified short antimicrobial peptides derived from Nemuri, a sleep-inducing protein in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The research is published in the journal Nature Communications.
For around 10,000 years, humans have selectively bred sheep for desirable traits. Generation after generation, we have chosen animals for their wool, size and reproductive characteristics and gradually left our mark on their DNA.
Surface rocks can reveal records of regions they occupied millions of years ago, even if those areas were kilometers below ground. On Türkiye's Marmara Sea's southern shores and islands, granitic rocks that are now exposed originated as molten material deep in Earth's crust.
What makes the human brain so much larger and more complex than the brains of many other mammals? Scientists have long sought clues in our DNA. Some discoveries show how genetic changes enable the developing brain to produce more cells. Others help explain how long those cells can continue to…
Mountain ranges grew higher throughout Earth's history in two distinct "spurts" that correlated with the flourishing of biological diversity on our planet, according to new research published in the journal Science Advances. The study suggests mountains may have played a key role in sparking…
A team of astronomers recently identified a red giant star with an unseen binary companion after examining data from the Large Sky Area MultiObject Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) and the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). Although the companion object can't be…
The ocean has been absorbing carbon dioxide from fossil fuel emissions at an increasing rate since 1990, while the net uptake of carbon by forests, soils and other land ecosystems has not grown, according to a new study led by scientists at UC San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
A technology that significantly improves ethanol gas sensing performance by combining five different metal elements in a single oxide has been developed.
Cement hardens when mixed with water, allowing it to form solid structures even in wet environments. This property is known as hydraulicity. Reproducing this property in organic polymers has been challenging, as polymer materials that react with moisture often lack the combination of bulk curing…
Climate change could force more than 200 million people from their homes even as countries spend billions on securing their borders, the head of the U.N.'s migration body said Friday.
Two new studies involving Newcastle University marine scientist Dr. Theresa Rueger have highlighted how the tusked goby's relationship with its host sponge shapes almost every aspect of its life. Rueger, a senior lecturer in tropical marine sciences at Newcastle University's School of Natural and…